Cult Object T-Shirt: A Textile and Its Incredible History

Few garments are as ubiquitous today as the T-shirt. Whether as a simple basic, a fashionable statement in vibrant colors, or a creative canvas, the T-shirt is indispensable in any wardrobe and has achieved true cult status over the decades. But how long has this garment, now found in almost every closet, actually been around?

From Undershirt to Runway

As early as the Middle Ages, there were forms very similar to the T-shirt. A T-shaped linen textile was worn by men as a hygienic undergarment to protect expensive outerwear.

The textile industry underwent a major transformation towards the end of the 19th century. The development of new technologies enabled mass production.

In 1904, the American underwear manufacturer Cooper Underwear Company achieved great success with its slogan "No safety pins - no needle - no thread - no buttons" for its latest product: the Bachelor Undershirt, made from 100% wool. This shirt was designed for young men who had neither a wife nor sewing skills.

Throughout the early 20th century, this type of textile remained popular as an undergarment.

The ideal cut made it possible for undershirts to be worn under any uniform. Hygienists appreciated the thick wool fabric as it provided warmth. Women were also recommended to wear woolen clothing as undershirts to prevent colds. Years later, the itchy wool was replaced by comfortable cotton.

While the US military preferred the sleeveless version, the British Navy created a variation with sleeves for their sailors, who often had tattoos and hair on their arms. This led to the classic T-shirt cut.

The striped version of the T-shirt became popular with the French Navy. During a vacation on the Atlantic coast, fashion icon Gabrielle "Coco" Chanel saw the potential and was inspired by sailor outfits to create the "Breton Shirt." This new T-shirt with maritime stripes took the fashion world by storm over the decades.

In 1920, American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald used the word T-shirt in a book for the first time. Shortly thereafter, the term was added to the Merriam-Webster dictionary.

During World War II, soldiers brought many new items to Europe, including the white T-shirt. The sight of men in this versatile white basic made women's hearts flutter, as the upper part of the uniform was often forgotten.

The T-Shirt – Evolving Through the Eras

The T-shirt made headlines in the 1950s. American actors like James Dean and Marlon Brando became style icons, wearing black leather jackets and tight white T-shirts—a style that truly took hold again in the 1980s.

In the 1960s and 70s, the simple T-shirt, now available in colors, was redefined. Bright designs, tie-dye, and floral patterns became symbols of a rebellious generation in bell-bottoms.

The 80s were bold and oversized. T-shirts had batwing sleeves and were worn with bright jackets, shiny leggings, or high-waisted pants. Teased hair or the mullet completed the look. The motto was bold and colorful, with a cozy touch and shoulder pads.

In the 90s, contrasting styles emerged. T-shirts with jeans and wide jackets remained popular. Girl and boy bands inspired new fashion, with young women wearing synthetic fabrics, neon colors, glitter, and sequins. Crop tops, tight T-shirts, parachute pants, and platform shoes became trendy. Men favored oversized T-shirts with flannel shirts and baggy pants or overalls, emphasizing personal style with casualness.

Music has always influenced fashion, and the 2000s reflected this. T-shirts became fitted again, worn with low-rise jeans or pleated skirts for women. Jogging suits were even attempted as everyday wear.

The T-Shirt – A Charming Cult Object

The T-shirt, a simple yet ingenious garment, has had an incredible journey. From humble beginnings as an undershirt to a global style icon, it remains more than just clothing. It's a canvas and a symbol of creativity and expression.

Though fashion is ever-changing, the T-shirt is timeless and steadfast. It adapts to each era without losing its charm. Everyone owns at least one and likely has a story attached—whether it's a travel souvenir, a concert memento, or the go-to white T-shirt.

Today, T-shirts come in countless forms and colors, essential in any wardrobe. Basic T-shirts are worn under suits for business or paired with jeans and sneakers for streetwear looks. Regular and oversized fits offer endless styling possibilities.

In a fast-paced world, the T-shirt's history reminds us that the best things are often the simplest and can always be reinvented.

Whether simple, casual, colorful, or unique, the T-shirt with its long history remains a cult object, always holding a special place in our closets and hearts.